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3.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 33(2): 158-166, Mar.-Apr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090657

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery has great clinical and economic implications. Many attempts have been made to identify risk factors aiming at a better evaluation of prophylactic treatment strategies. Objective: To perform an internal validation of a risk score for POAF. Methods: A prospective cohort of 1,054 patients who underwent myocardial revascularization and/or valve surgery was included. The risk score model was developed in 448 patients, and its performance was tested in the remaining 606 patients. Variables with a significance level of 5% in the cohort were included and subjected to a multiple logistic regression model with backward selection. Performance statistics was performed using the c-statistic, the chi-square and the Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) goodness-of-fit, Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: Four variables were considered predictors of outcome: age (≥ 70 years), mitral valve disease, the non-use or discontinuation of beta-blockers and a positive water balance (> 1,500 mL). The ROC curve was 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72-0.79). The risk model showed a good ability according to the performance statistics - HL test x(2) = 0.93; p = 0.983 and r = 0.99 (Pearson's coefficient). There was an increase in the frequency of POAF with the increase of the score: very low risk = 0.0%; low risk = 3.9%; intermediate risk = 10.9%; and high risk = 60.0%; p < 0.0001. Conclusion: The predictive variables of POAF allowed us to construct a simplified risk score. This scoring system showed good accuracy and can be used in routine clinical practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Postoperative Complications , Atrial Fibrillation/prevention & control , Heart Valves/surgery , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Perioperative Care , Heart Disease Risk Factors
4.
Rev. bras. enferm ; 71(4): 1817-1824, Jul.-Aug. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-958671

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the intervening factors in the process of reference and counter-reference of the individual with heart disease in the scenario of high complexity in the health care network. Method: Research anchored in the Grounded Theory (Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados). It totaled 21 participants. The data collection scenario was a cardiovascular reference hospital in the south of Brazil and occurred between March and June 2014. Results: The intervening factors in the reference process were the difficulty to access the points of the network and telemedicine and the central to manage the flow of patients in the network. In the counter-reference, there was a link with the hospital and the lack of communication among network professionals. Conclusion: It reveals the need to reorganize the service flow in HCN, enhancing PHC, expanding the performance of medium complexity and increasing the capacity of high complexity in order to carry out the process of reference and counter-reference.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender los factores interventores en el proceso de referencia y contrarreferencia del individuo con cardiopatía en el escenario de la alta complejidad en la red de atención a la salud. Métodos: Investigación anclada en la Teoría Fundamentada en Datos. Totalizó a 21 participantes. El escenario de recolección de datos fue un hospital referencia cardiovascular en el sur de Brasil y ocurrió entre marzo y junio de 2014. Resultados: Se evidencia como factores interventores en el proceso de referencia la dificultad del acceso a los puntos de la red y la telemedicina y la central de regulación para gestión del flujo de pacientes en la red. En la contrarreferencia, el vínculo con el hospital y la ausencia de comunicación entre los profesionales de la red. Conclusión: Se revela la necesidad de reorganización del flujo de atención en la RAS, potenciando la APS, expandiendo la actuación de la media complejidad y ampliando la capacidad de la alta complejidad a fin de ejecutar el proceso de referencia y contrarreferencia.


RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender os fatores interventores no processo de referência e contrarreferência do indivíduo com cardiopatia no cenário da alta complexidade na rede de atenção à saúde. Métodos: Pesquisa ancorada na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Totalizou 21 participantes. O cenário de coleta de dados foi um hospital referência cardiovascular no sul do Brasil e ocorreu entre março e junho de 2014. Resultados: Evidencia-se como fatores interventores no processo de referência a dificuldade de acesso aos pontos da rede e a telemedicina e a central de regulação para gestão do fluxo de pacientes na rede. Na contrarreferência, o vínculo com o hospital e a ausência de comunicação entre os profissionais da rede. Conclusão: Revela a necessidade de reorganização do fluxo de atendimento na RAS, potencializando a APS, expandindo a atuação da média complexidade e ampliando a capacidade da alta complexidade a fim de efetivar o processo de referência e contrarreferência.


Subject(s)
Humans , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Myocardial Revascularization/psychology , Brazil , Coronary Artery Bypass/methods , Coronary Artery Bypass/standards , Coronary Artery Bypass/psychology , Continuity of Patient Care/standards , Qualitative Research , Grounded Theory , Health Services Accessibility , Myocardial Revascularization/methods
5.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 10(1): 254-259, jan.-mar. 2018. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-908404

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: discutir por meio da literatura sobre as complicações presentes no pós-operatório de revascularização do miocárdio. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura com busca dos artigos publicados entre 2006 a 2017, indexados nas bases de dados SciELO, Bireme, Lilacs, MEDLINE. Após a busca foi realizado a leitura, análise e descrição dos resultados. Resultados: São várias as complicações que surgem durante o pós-operatório de revascularização do miocárdio atingindo principalmente o sistema circulatório, respiratório e renal. Dentre algumas complicações estão as hemorragias, insuficiência respiratória, insuficiência renal aguda, dentre outros. O conhecimento dessas complicações direciona a assistência de enfermagem de no que se refere à rápida identificação e inicio precoce do tratamento dessas complicações. Conclusão: o conhecimento e identificação das complicações associadas ao pós-operatório de revascularização do miocárdio favorece uma melhor terapêutica aos pacientes revascularizados e contribui para redução do tem de internação e dos custos hospitalares.


Objective: to discuss through literature on complications in the postoperative period of coronary artery bypass grafting. Method: This is a review of the literature with search of articles published from 2006 to 2017, indexed in the SciELO, BIREME, LILACS, MEDLINE. After the search was performed at reading, analysis and description of the results. Results: There are several complications that arise during the postoperative period of coronary artery bypass graft surgery affecting especially the circulatory system, respiratory and renal failure. Among some of the complications are the hemorrhage, respiratory insufficiency, acute renal failure, among others. The knowledge of these complications directs nursing care for as far as the rapid identification and early treatment of these complications. Conclusion: the knowledge and identification of complications associated with post-operative coronary artery bypass graft surgery favors a best treatment to patients revascularized and contributes to reducing the need to hospitalization and hospital costs.


Objetivo: discutir a través de la literatura sobre las complicaciones en el postoperatorio de cirugía de revascularización miocárdica. Método: Se trata de una revisión de la literatura con búsqueda de artículos publicados desde 2006 a 2017, indizada en SciELO, BIREME, LILACS, MEDLINE. Después de la búsqueda se realiza en la lectura, el análisis y la descripción de los resultados. Resultados: Existen varias complicaciones que surgen durante el postoperatorio de la cirugía de injerto de derivación de la arteria coronaria que afectan especialmente al sistema circulatorio, respiratorio y fallo renal. Entre algunas de las complicaciones son la hemorragia, insuficiencia respiratoria, insuficiencia renal aguda, entre otros. El conocimiento de estas complicaciones se encarga de los cuidados de enfermería en cuanto a la rápida identificación y tratamiento precoz de estas complicaciones. Conclusión: el conocimiento y la identificación de complicaciones en el postoperatorio de la cirugía de injerto de derivación de la arteria coronaria favorece un mejor tratamiento a los pacientes revascularizada y contribuye a reducir la necesidad de hospitalización y los costos hospitalarios.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Health Expenditures , Hospital Costs , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Review Literature as Topic , Brazil
6.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 32(6): 475-480, Nov.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-897967

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Few reports in the world have shown a differential effect of hypothyroidism in relation to morbidity and mortality following cardiac surgery. Objective: To determine the association between preoperative hypothyroidism, composite and disaggregated outcomes of mortality and complications in patients undergoing first-time isolated myocardial revascularization surgery. Methods: Historical cohort of patients undergoing myocardial revascularization between January 2008 and December 2014, with 626 patients included for evaluation of the composite and disaggregated outcomes of in-hospital mortality and complications (atrial fibrillation, surgical site infection and reoperation due to bleeding). A logistic regression model was used to determine the association between hypothyroidism and the onset of those outcomes. Results: Cohort of 1696 eligible patients for the study, with 1.8 mortality. Median age, female gender and prevalence of arterial hypertension were all significantly higher among hypothyroid patients. No differences were found in other preoperative or intraoperative characteristics. Hypothyroidism was associated with the presence of the composite outcome, RR 1.6 (1.04-2.4) and atrial fibrillation 1.9 (1.05-3.8). No association with mortality, infections or reoperation due to bleeding was found. Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is a disease that affects females predominantly and does not determine the presence of other comorbidities. Hypothyroidism is a risk factor for the onset of postoperative fibrillation in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization surgery. Postoperative care protocols focused on the prevention of these complications in this type of patients must be instituted.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Hypothyroidism/complications , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Atrial Fibrillation/mortality , Comorbidity , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Hospital Mortality
7.
Clin. biomed. res ; 37(3): 259-262, 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-859866

ABSTRACT

Roubo coronariano da subclávia (RCS) é um fenômeno raro que ocorre em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica com enxerto de artéria torácica interna esquerda (ATIE) e que causa estenose da artéria subclávia ipsilateral e proximal à origem da ATIE. Relatamos o caso de um paciente masculino de 65 anos que apresentou quadro atípico de síndrome do RCS, manifestando-se como síndrome coronariana aguda no pós-operatório de cirurgia vascular (AU)


Coronary subclavian steal (CSS) is a rare phenomenon that occurs in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery using the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) causing stenosis of the ipsilateral subclavian artery proximal to the origin of the LITA. We report the case of a 65-year-old male patient who presented with atypical CSS syndrome, manifesting as acute coronary syndrome after vascular surgery (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Acute Coronary Syndrome/etiology , Coronary-Subclavian Steal Syndrome/surgery , Carotid Artery, Internal/surgery , Coronary Circulation , Coronary Vessels/physiopathology , Endarterectomy, Carotid/adverse effects , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/surgery
8.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 107(1): 4-9, July 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-792500

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: The high prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the postoperative period of myocardial revascularization surgery increases morbidity and mortality. Objective: To assess the efficacy of colchicine to prevent AF in the postoperative period of myocardial revascularization surgery, the impact of AF on hospital length of stay and death, and to identify its risk factors. Methods: Between May 2012 and November 2013, 140 patients submitted to myocardial revascularization surgery were randomized, 69 to the control group and 71 to the colchicine group. Colchicine was used at the dose of 1 mg orally, twice daily, preoperatively, and of 0.5 mg, twice daily, until hospital discharge. A single dose of 1 mg was administered to those admitted 12 hours or less before surgery. Results: The primary endpoint was AF rate in the postoperative period of myocardial revascularization surgery. Colchicine group patients showed no reduction in AF incidence as compared to control group patients (7.04% versus 13.04%, respectively; p = 0.271). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding death from any cause rate (5.6% versus 10.1%; p = 0,363) and hospital length of stay (14.5 ± 11.5 versus 13.3 ± 9.4 days; p = 0.490). However, colchicine group patients had a higher infection rate (26.8% versus 8.7%; p = 0.007). Conclusion: The use of colchicine to prevent AF after myocardial revascularization surgery was not effective in the present study. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials number RBR-556dhr.


Resumo Fundamento: A alta prevalência de fibrilação atrial (FA) no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica ocasiona maior morbidade e mortalidade. Objetivos: Avaliar a eficácia da colchicina como profilaxia para FA no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica, o impacto da FA sobre o tempo de internação hospitalar e óbito e identificar fatores de risco para o seu aparecimento. Métodos: Entre maio de 2012 e novembro de 2013, 140 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica foram randomizados, 69 no grupo controle e 71 no grupo colchicina. A colchicina foi utilizada na dose de 1 mg via oral, duas vezes ao dia, no pré-operatório, e 0,5 mg, duas vezes ao dia, até a alta hospitalar. Dose única de 1 mg foi administrada aos internados 12 horas ou menos antes da cirurgia. Resultados: O desfecho primário foi a taxa de FA no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. Os pacientes do grupo colchicina não apresentaram redução na incidência de FA em comparação aos do grupo controle (7,0% versus 13,0%, respectivamente; p = 0,271). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos em relação à taxa de óbito por qualquer causa (5,6% versus 10,1%; p = 0,363) e ao tempo de internação (14,5 ± 11,5 versus 13,3 ± 9,4 dias; p = 0,490). Porém, o grupo colchicina apresentou maior taxa de infecção (26,8% versus 8,7%; p = 0,007). Conclusões: O uso da colchicina para profilaxia da FA no pós-operatório de revascularização miocárdica não se mostrou eficaz neste estudo. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos número RBR-556dhr.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Atrial Fibrillation/prevention & control , Colchicine/therapeutic use , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Postoperative Period , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Colchicine/pharmacology , Treatment Outcome , Statistics, Nonparametric , Endpoint Determination , Length of Stay , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/pharmacology
9.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 26(2): 128-133, abr.-jun.2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-796517

ABSTRACT

Aproximadamente 30% dos pacientes que se apresentam com quadro de síndrome coronariana aguda têm revascularização prévia do miocárdio. Os eventos coronarianos subsequentes à revascularização do miocárdio podem ocorrer por progressão da doença aterosclerótica no leito coronário nativo, evento relacionado ao stent (reestenose, trombose ou neoaterosclerose) ou evento relacionado à cirurgia de revascularização domiocárdio (degeneração ou oclusão de enxertos cirúrgicos). Esses pacientes que necessitamde um novo procedimento de revascularização têm perfil de alto risco, geralmente associado a doença renal crônica, diabetes mellitus, doença arterial periférica, além deelevada carga aterosclerótica no leito coronariano nativo, degeneração de enxertos de veia safena e reestenose de stents. Este cenário faz com que o segundo procedimento de revascularização tenha maior risco e maior complexidade. Neste artigo discutiremos as características clínicas e as possibilidades terapêuticas de pacientes com SCA e revascularização percutânea ou cirúrgica prévias.


Around 30% of patients who present acute coronary syndrome have undergone previous myocardial revascularization. Coronary events following myocardial revascularization can occur due to progression of atherosclerotic disease in the native coronary bed, an event related to the stent (restenosis, thrombosis or neoatherosclerosis) or to the myocardial revascularization surgery (degeneration or occlusion of surgical grafts). These patients who need a new revascularization procedure have a high-risk profile, generally associated with chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and peripheral arterial disease, as well as a high atherosclerotic burden in the native coronary bed, degeneration of grafts of the saphenous vein, and restenosis of stents. This scenario confers a higher risk and greater complexity on the second revascularization procedure. In this article, we discuss the clinical characteristics and therapeutic possibilities of patients with ACS and previous percutaneous or surgical revascularization.


Subject(s)
Humans , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Coronary Restenosis/diagnosis , Coronary Restenosis/therapy , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnosis , Acute Coronary Syndrome/therapy , Angioplasty/methods , Acute Disease , Risk Factors , Stents , Thrombosis/diagnosis , Thrombosis/therapy , Coronary Vessels/surgery , Saphenous Vein , Heart Ventricles
10.
Rev. mex. enferm. cardiol ; 23(3): 103-109, sep-dic. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1035506

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial y nacional; sobresale la enfermedad coronaria. Esto ha contribuido para que el tratamiento quirúrgico de revascularización miocárdica sea considerado como un procedimiento de rutina. Éste es uno de los avances más importantes de la medicina durante el siglo XX. En Bogotá, los registros estadísticos muestran que más del 50% del total de cirugías cardiovasculares corresponde a ella. Objetivo: realizar la caracterización de pacientes que se encuentran en posoperatorio temprano de revascularización miocárdica, quienes presentan cambios fisiológicos en su esfera biológica, secundarios al procedimiento, a nivel neurológico, cardiovascular, respiratorio, gastrointestinal, de eliminación y de la piel. Metodología: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de seguimiento prospectivo. Se observaron y revisaron las historias clínicas de 151 pacientes en posoperatorio de 48 a 96 horas. La revisión de la historia clínica se realizó por el investigador. Se consignó la información en una hoja de registro de información y se procesó mediante métodos de análisis exploratorio multidimensional: análisis factorial de correspondencias múltiples combinado con el Método Cluster de Clasificación. Resultados: estuvieron relacionados con clases de pacientes de acuerdo con los eventos clínicos presentes en cada uno de los sistemas estudiados donde se evidencia que presentan alteración de los sistemas neurológico, cardiovascular, respiratorio y de la piel. Conclusión: la caracterización de los pacientes en posoperatorio de una revascularización miocárdica permite que el cuidado de enfermería sea enfocado hacia la solución de problemas de los sistemas antes mencionados.


Background: cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality at global and national level; stands out coronary disease. This has contributed to make the surgical treatment of coronary artery bypass grafting being considered a routine procedure. This is one of the most important advances in medicine during the twentieth century. In Bogota, statistical records show that more than 50% of all cardiovascular surgeries corresponds to it. Objective: to characterize patients who are in early postoperative myocardial revascularization, who present physiological changes secondary to procedure, in the biological area at neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal level, elimination system and skin. Methodology: a descriptive study was performed and followed prospectively. The medical records of 151 patients in postoperative 48 to 96 hours were seen and reviewed. The review of the medical history was performed by the researcher. The information was collected on a recording sheet and then recorded and processed by methods of multidimensional exploratory analysis: Multiple correspondence analysis combined with Cluster Classification Method. Results: they were related to the kind of patient according to clinical events present in each of the studied systems where there is evidence of alteration of the neurological, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and skin. Conclusion: the characterization of patients in postoperative of myocardial revascularization allows nursing care to be focused on solving problems of the aforementioned systems.


Subject(s)
Humans , Myocardial Revascularization/education , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Myocardial Revascularization/nursing , Myocardial Revascularization/statistics & numerical data , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Myocardial Revascularization/mortality , Myocardial Revascularization/rehabilitation , Coronary Disease/surgery , Coronary Disease/complications , Coronary Disease/nursing , Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Coronary Disease/etiology , Coronary Disease/physiopathology , Coronary Disease/history , Coronary Disease/mortality , Coronary Disease/pathology , Coronary Disease/rehabilitation
11.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 30(4): 482-488, July-Aug. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-763152

ABSTRACT

AbstractObjective:Coronary artery bypass grafting is currently the best treatment for dialysis patients with multivessel coronary artery involvement. Vasoplegic syndrome of inflammatory etiology constitutes an important postoperative complication, with highly negative impact on prognosis. Considering that these patients have an intrinsic inflammatory response exacerbation, our goal was to evaluate the incidence and mortality of vasoplegic syndrome after myocardial revascularization in this group.Methods:A retrospective, single-center study of 50 consecutive and non-selected dialysis patients who underwent myocardial revascularization in a tertiary university hospital, from 2007 to 2012. The patients were divided into 2 groups, according to the use of cardiopulmonary bypass or not (off-pump coronary artery bypass). The incidence and mortality of vasoplegic syndrome were analyzed. The subgroup of vasoplegic patients was studied separately.Results:There were no preoperative demographic differences between the cardiopulmonary bypass (n=20) and off-pump coronary artery bypass (n=30) group. Intraoperative data showed a greater number of distal coronary arteries anastomosis (2.8 vs. 1.8, P<0.0001) and higher transfusion rates (65% vs. 23%, P=0.008) in the cardiopulmonary bypass group. Vasoplegia incidence was statistically higher (P=0.0124) in the cardiopulmonary bypass group (30%) compared to the off-pump coronary artery bypass group (3%). Vasoplegia mortality was 50% in the cardiopulmonary bypass group and 0% in the off-pump coronary artery bypass group. The vasoplegic subgroup analysis showed no statistically significant clinical differences.Conclusion:Cardiopulmonary bypass increased the risk for developing postoperative vasoplegic syndrome after coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with dialysis-dependent chronic renal failure.


ResumoObjetivo:O melhor tratamento atual para os pacientes dialíticos com acometimento coronariano multiarterial é a revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio. Dentre as complicações pós-operatórias, a síndrome vasoplégica de etiopatogenia inflamatória torna-se importante pelo impacto altamente negativo no prognóstico. Considerando que esses pacientes possuem uma exacerbação intrínseca da resposta inflamatória, nosso objetivo foi avaliar a incidência e a mortalidade da síndrome vasoplégica no pós-operatório de revascularização miocárdica nesse grupo.Métodos:Estudo retrospectivo, unicêntrico, de 50 pacientes dialíticos consecutivos e não selecionados, submetidos à revascularização miocárdica, em um hospital terciário universitário, no período de 2007 a 2012. Esses pacientes foram divididos em 2 grupos, de acordo com o emprego ou não da circulação extracorpórea. A incidência e a mortalidade da vasoplegia foram analisadas nos grupos. Após a identificação dos pacientes quanto à presença de vasoplegia, este subgrupo foi estudado separadamente.Resultados:Não houve diferenças demográficas pré-operatórias entre os grupos com circulação extracorpórea (n=20) e sem circulação extracorpórea (n=30). Dados intraoperatórios demonstraram maior número de artérias coronárias revascularizadas (2,8 vs. 1,8; P<0,0001) e maior necessidade de transfusão (65% vs. 23%; P=0,008) no grupo circulação extracorpórea. A incidência de vasoplegia foi estatisticamente maior (P=0,0124) no grupo circulação extracorpórea (30%) em comparação ao grupo sem circulação extracorpórea (3%). A mortalidade dos pacientes com vasoplegia foi 50% no grupo circulação extracorpórea e 0% no grupo sem circulação extracorpórea. A análise do subgrupo vasoplégico não demonstrou diferenças clínicas estatisticamente significantes.Conclusão:O emprego da circulação extracorpórea na revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio em pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica dialítica aumentou o risco para desenvolvimento de síndrome vasoplégica pós-operatória.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cardiopulmonary Bypass/adverse effects , Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump/adverse effects , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Vasoplegia/mortality , Anastomosis, Surgical/statistics & numerical data , Blood Transfusion/statistics & numerical data , Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump/methods , Incidence , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Tertiary Care Centers , Vasoplegia/etiology
12.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 34(2): 106-112, 2015. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-762611

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Se ha demostrado que bajos niveles de colesterol HDL (C-HDL) se asocian a una mayor incidencia de fibrilación auricular y de mortalidad global y cardiovascular. En un estudio observacional previo en nuestro centro, encontramos que un bajo nivel de C-HDL se asoció a mayor riesgo de fibrilación auricular postoperatoria (FAPO) en pacientes sometidos a cirugía de revascularización miocárdica (CRM). Objetivo: Evaluar si el bajo nivel de C-HDL se asocia a mayor incidencia de FAPO y mortalidad en un seguimiento a un año en un estudio controlado. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo que incluyó a 100 pacientes consecutivos sometidos a CRM por enfermedad coronaria estable sin antecedentes de FA y que ingresaron a la UCI Cardio-quirúrgica en ritmo sinusal. Se definió FAPO como FA con duración mayor a 5 minutos o 5 episodios de FA mayores a 30 segundos de duración en los primeros 5 días post operatorios. Se consideró bajo nivel de C-HDL a un valor < 30mg/dL. Los pacientes se siguieron por un año. Se utilizó un análisis univariado y multivaria-do para identificar factores predisponentes de FAPO y mortalidad. Resultados: 31 pacientes presentaron FAPO. El análisis multivariado mostró un incremento de FAPO con C-HDL <30mg/dL (OR 5.01, IC95% 1.3-18.8, p=0,017) y con albúmina <3,5 gr/dL (OR 6.42, IC95% 1.58-26.0, p=0,009). En un seguimiento de 14.1±1.7 meses. La mortalidad global fue 6% y un C-HDL <30mg/dL resultó ser un predictor independiente (HR 11.1, IC95% 1.1-38.4, p=0,039). Conclusión: En nuestra serie un C-HDL menor a 30mg/dL es un predictor independiente de FAPO y mortalidad posterior a la CRM.


Background: Low C-HDL level has been associated to an increased incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and cardiovascular mortality. Previously, we have observed that low C-HDL had the same type of association with post operative AF (POAF) and mortality following surgery for coronary artery disease. Aim: to evaluate whether a low C-HDL level is a predictor of POAF and mortality following revascularization surgery in a controlled study. Method: A prospective observational study included 100 consecutive patients undergoing revascularization surgery for stable coronary artery disease (CAD) in sinus rhythm and no prior AF. POAF was defined as AF sustained for more than 5 min or the occurrence of 5 or more episodes of AF extending for more than 5 seconds during the first 5 post operative days. A value <30 mg/dl was considered low C-HDL. Patients were followed for one year. Uni and multivariate analysis were used to identify predictors of POAF and mortality. Results: 31 patients developed POAF. A significant (p=0.017) OR of 5.01 (95% CI 1.3 - 18.8) between low C-HDL and POAF was shown. A similar association linked low serum albumin level to POAF (OR 6.4, C.I. 1.6 - 26). After 14.1 ± 1.7 months of follow-up global mortality was 6%. Low C-HDL turned out to be a significant predictor of mortality (H.R. 11.1, C.I. 1.1 - 38.4, p=0.04). Conclusion: Low C-HDL is an independent predictor of POAF and mortality after coronary artery revascularization surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Atrial Fibrillation/mortality , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Postoperative Period , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Atrial Fibrillation/blood , Logistic Models , Survival Analysis , Multivariate Analysis , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Observational Study , Myocardial Revascularization/mortality
13.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 28(4): 442-448, out.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-703110

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A fibrilação atrial pós-operatória é a arritmia mais comum em cirurgia cardíaca; estima-se sua incidência entre 20% e 40%. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência de acidente vascular encefálico e insuficiência renal aguda nos pacientes que apresentaram fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica. MÉTODOS: Estudo coorte longitudinal, bidirecional, realizado no Hospital da Beneficência Portuguesa (SP), com levantamento de prontuários de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica, de junho de 2009 a julho de 2010. De um total de 3010 pacientes foram retirados 382 pacientes, que apresentavam fibrilação atrial no pré-operatório e/ou cirurgias associadas). O estudo foi conduzido em conformidade com as seguintes resoluções nacionais e internacionais: ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice - 1996; Resolução CNS196/96; e Declaração de Helsinque. RESULTADOS: Os 2628 pacientes incluídos neste estudo foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo I, que não apresentou fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório, com 2302 (87,6%) pacientes; e grupo II, com 326 (12,4%) que evoluíram com fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório. A incidência de acidente vascular encefálico nos pacientes foi de 1,1% sem fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório vs. 4% com fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório (P<0,001). Insuficiência renal aguda pós-operatória ocorreu em 12% dos pacientes com fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório e 2,4% no grupo sem fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório (P<0,001), ou seja, uma relação 5 vezes maior. CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo verificou-se alta incidência de acidente vascular encefálico e insuficiência renal aguda nos pacientes com fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório, sendo as taxas maiores que as referidas na literatura.


INTRODUCTION: Postoperative atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in cardiac surgery, its incidence range between 20% and 40%. OBJECTIVE: Quantify the occurrence of stroke and acute renal insufficiency after myocardial revascularization surgery in patients who had atrial fibrillation postoperatively. METHODS: Cohort longitudinal bidirectional study, performed at Portuguese Beneficent Hospital (SP), with medical chart survey of patients undergoing myocardial revascularization surgery between June 2009 to July 2010. From a total of 3010 patients were weaned 382 patients that presented atrial fibrillation preoperatively and/or associated surgeries. The study was conducted in accordance with national and international following resolutions: ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice - 1996; CNS196/96 Resolution, and Declaration of Helsinki. RESULTS: The 2628 patients included in this study were divided into two groups: Group I, who didn't show postoperative atrial fibrillation, with 2302 (87.6%) patients; and group II, with 326 (12.4%) who developed postoperative atrial fibrillation. The incidence of stroke in patients was 1.1% without postoperative atrial fibrillation vs. 4% with postoperative atrial fibrillation (P<0.001). Postoperative acute renal failure was observed in 12% of patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation and 2.4% in the group without postoperative atrial fibrillation (P<0.001), that is a relation 5 times greater. CONCLUSION: In this study there was a high incidence of stroke and acute renal failure in patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation, with rates higher than those reported in the literature.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Stroke/epidemiology , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Brazil/epidemiology , Hospital Mortality , Hospitalization , Incidence , Intraoperative Period , Longitudinal Studies , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Risk Factors , Stroke/etiology
14.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 101(4): 297-303, out. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-690575

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: Cerca de 30% dos AVE perioperatórios da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) são decorrentes de lesões carotídeas, sem redução de risco confirmada por intervenção perioperatória. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o impacto da doença carotídea e a intervenção perioperatória nos pacientes submetidos à CRM. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo observacional, avaliando 1.169 pacientes com idade > 65 anos submetidos à CRM entre janeiro de 2006 e dezembro de 2010, acompanhados, em média, por 49 meses. Todos foram submetidos à ultrassonografia de carótidas prévia à CRM. Definiu-se doença carotídea quando lesão > 50%. O desfecho primário foi composto pela incidência de AVE, acidente isquêmico transitório (AIT) e óbito por AVE. RESULTADOS: A prevalência da doença carotídea foi de 19,9% dos pacientes. A incidência do desfecho primário entre portadores e não portadores foi de 6,5% e 3,7%, respectivamente (p = 0,0018). Nos primeiros 30 dias, ocorreram 18,2% dos eventos. Relacionaram-se a doença carotídea: disfunção renal (OR 2,03, IC95% 1,34-3,07; p < 0,01), doença arterial periférica (OR 1,80, IC95% 1,22-2,65; p < 0,01) e infarto do miocárdio prévio (OR 0,47, IC95% 0,35-0,65; p < 0,01). Quanto ao desfecho primário, foram associados AIT prévio (OR 5,66, IC95% 1,67-6,35; p < 0,01) e disfunção renal (OR 3,28, IC95% 1,67-6,45; p < 0,01). Nos pacientes com lesão > 70%, a intervenção carotídea perioperatória apresentou incidência de 17% no desfecho primário contra 4,3% na conduta conservadora (p = 0,056) sem diferença entre abordagens percutânea e cirúrgica (p = 0,516). CONCLUSÃO: A doença carotídea aumenta o risco para AVE, AIT ou morte por AVE na CRM. Entretanto, a intervenção carotídea não foi relacionada à redução do desfecho primário.


BACKGROUND: Approximately 30% of perioperative CVA of myocardial revascularization surgery (MRS) are a result of carotid injuries, without reduction of risk confirmed by perioperative intervention. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the impact of carotid disease and perioperative intervention in patients subjected to MRS. METHODS: Observational, retrospective study, evaluating 1169 patients aged > 69 years undergoing MRS from January, 2006 and December, 2010, monitored, on average, for 49 months. All patients were subjected to ultrasonography of carotids before MRS. It was defined as carotid disease when lesion > 50%. The primary outcome was composed of CVA incidence, transitory ischemic accident (TIA) and death due CVA. RESULTS: Prevalence of carotid disease was of 19.9% of patients. The incidence of primary outcome between unhealthy and healthy patients was of 6.5% and 3.7%, respectively (p = 0.0018). In the first 30 days, there were 18.2% of events. Were related to carotid disease: renal dysfunction (OR 2.03, IC95% 1.34-3.07; p < 0.01), peripheral arterial disease (OR 1.80, IC95% 1.22-2.65; p < 0.01) and previous myocardial infarction (OR 0.47, IC95% 0.35-0.65; p < 0.01). Regarding the primary outcome, were associated the previous TIA (OR 5.66, IC95% 1.67-6.35; p < 0.01) and renal dysfunction (OR 3.28, IC95% 1.67-6.45; p < 0.01). In patients with lesion >70%, perioperative carotid intervention demonstrated an incidence of 16% in primary outcome compared to 4.3% in conservatory treatment (p = 0.056) with no difference between percutaneous and surgical approaches (p = 0.516). CONCLUSION: Carotid disease increases the risk of CVA, TIA or death due to CVA in MRS. However, the carotid intervention was not related to reduction of primary outcome.


Subject(s)
Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Carotid Artery Injuries/complications , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Stroke/etiology , Carotid Artery Injuries/mortality , Carotid Stenosis/complications , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Multivariate Analysis , Myocardial Revascularization/mortality , Perioperative Period , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Stroke/mortality , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
15.
Rev. bras. cardiol. (Impr.) ; 26(3): 193-199, mai.-jun. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-704387

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: A alta morbidade pós-operatória e os elevados índices de mortalidade dos pacientes submetidos à revascularização cirúrgica (RM) na fase aguda do infarto do miocárdio podem induzir o adiamento do procedimento. Objetivos: Identificar variáveis relacionadas à mortalidade, bem como os fatores de risco para o óbito de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio. Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada no período de setembro 2011 a maio 2012, no Hospital de Clínicas Gaspar Vianna, Belém, PA, Brasil. Foram utilizados prontuários de 240 pacientes, tendo sido aproveitados 223 (17 excluídos), referentes a pacientes internados no período de janeiro 2008 até dezembro 2011. Inicialmente foi calculada a frequência dos óbitos e, em seguida, a frequência das variáveis pré, intra e pós-operatórias e respectivos intervalos de confiança para caracterizar a população de estudo. Resultados: Dos 223 pacientes, 12 (5,4 %) foram a óbito. A variável no período pré-operatório mais significativa para o estudo foi a idade. No período intraoperatório, são os procedimentos cirúrgicos de urgência/emergência e, no pós-operatório, a transfusão sanguínea.Conclusão: No pós-operatório, as complicações cardiovasculares e as transfusões são fatores de risco, e a UTI se tornou um fator de proteção contra o óbito.


Background: High postoperative morbidity and mortality rates among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) during the acute phase of myocardial infarction may lead to the post ponement of these procedures.Objectives: To identify variables linked to o mortality and risk factors related to death among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.Methods: The survey was conducted from September 2011 to May 2012 at the Hospital de Clinicas Gaspar Vianna in Belém, Pará State, Brazil, using the medical records of 240 patients (223 assessed and 17 excluded) admitted from January 2008 through December 2011. Initially, the death frequency was caculated, followed by the pre-, intra- and post-operative variable frequencies and their respective confidence intervals, in order to characterize the study population. Results: Among all 223 patients, 12 (5,4%) died, with age being the most significant varible in the pre-operative period. During the intra-operative stage, this was urgente or emergency surgical procedures, followed by post-operative blood transfusions. Conclusion: During the post-operative stage, cardiovascular complications and transfusions are risk factors, with the ICU constituting a protection fator against death.


Subject(s)
Risk Factors , Hospital Mortality , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Myocardial Revascularization/mortality , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Surgical Procedures, Operative/adverse effects , Surgical Procedures, Operative/mortality
18.
Rev. cuba. cir ; 50(4): 462-471, oct.-dic. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-614977

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar cómo influyen diferentes factores de riesgo, sobre los eventos clínicos adversos más frecuentes en el posoperatorio inmediato de los pacientes tratados con cirugía de revascularización miocárdica con circulación extracorpórea. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, longitudinal y prospectivo en 60 pacientes del Instituto de Cardiología y Cirugía Cardiovascular, durante el período 2008-2009. Resultados: se observó, un predominio de pacientes dislipidémicos (90 por ciento) e hipertensos (86,7 por ciento). Los pacientes con manifestación de eventos clínicos adversos demostraron una estrecha asociación con la dislipidemia (p< 0,01), una disminución significativa de la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (p< 0,05), un aumento significativo de los tiempos de circulación extracorpórea (p< 0,01), y paro isquémico (p< 0,05). Conclusiones: la dislipidemia basal, la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo deprimida y la prolongación del proceder quirúrgico, fueron los factores de riesgo más significativos para el desarrollo de eventos clínicos adversos, en el posoperatorio inmediato de los pacientes revascularizados(AU)


Objective: to determine how different risk factors influence on the more frequent adverse clinical events during the immediate postoperative period of patients operated on myocardial revascularization surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Methods: a prospective, longitudinal and observational study was conducted in 60 patients from the Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery for 2008-2009. Results: there was predominance of dyslipemia patients (90 percent) and hypertensive patients (86.7 percent). Patients with manifestation of adverse clinical events showed a close association with dyslipemia (p< 0.01), a significant decrease of ejection fraction of left ventricle (p< 0.05), a significant increase of extracorporeal circulation times (p < 0.01) and ischemic arrest (p< 0.05). Conclusions: the basal dyslipemia, the depressed left ventricle ejection and the length of surgical procedure, were the more significant risk factors for development of adverse clinical events during the immediate postoperative period of revascularization patients(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Extracorporeal Circulation/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications , Dyslipidemias , Risk Factors , Hypertension , Myocardial Ischemia/surgery , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Stroke Volume , Observational Study , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies
19.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 26(3): 455-461, jul.-set. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-624529

ABSTRACT

As doenças cardiovasculares estão entre as principais causas de morte no mundo desenvolvido, e sua ocorrência tem aumentado de forma epidêmica nos países em desenvolvimento. Apesar das inúmeras alternativas para o tratamento da doença arterial coronariana; a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio é uma opção com indicações precisas de médio e longo prazo, com bons resultados. Pode proporcionar a remissão dos sintomas de angina e, também, contribui para o aumento da expectativa e melhora da qualidade de vida. Pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio desenvolvem, em sua maioria, disfunção pulmonar pós-operatória com redução importante dos volumes pulmonares, prejuízos na mecânica respiratória, diminuição na complacência pulmonar e aumento do trabalho respiratório. A redução dos volumes e capacidades pulmonares contribui para alterações nas trocas gasosas, resultando em hipoxemia e diminuição na capacidade de difusão. Dentro deste contexto, a Fisioterapia tem sido cada vez mais requisitada tanto no pré quanto no pós-operatório deste tipo de cirurgia. Este estudo teve como objetivo atualizar os conhecimentos em relação à atuação da Fisioterapia respiratória no pré e pós-operatório de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio, com ênfase na prevenção de complicações pulmonares. A Fisioterapia no período pré-operatório atua por meio de inúmeras técnicas, entre as quais, pode-se destacar: a espirometria de incentivo, exercícios de respiração profunda, tosse, treinamento muscular inspiratório, deambulação precoce e orientações fisioterapêuticas. Enquanto que no pós-operatório, tem como objetivo o tratamento das complicações pulmonares instaladas, realizado por meio de manobras fisioterapêuticas e dispositivos respiratórios não invasivos, visando melhorar a mecânica respiratória, a reexpansão pulmonar e a higiene brônquica. A Fisioterapia respiratória é parte integrante na gestão dos cuidados do paciente cardiopata, tanto no pré quanto no pós-operatório, pois contribui significativamente para um melhor prognóstico desses pacientes por meio de técnicas específicas.


The cardiovascular diseases are among the main death causes in the developed world. They have been increasing epidemically in the developing countries. In spite of several alternatives for the treatment of the coronary artery disease; the surgery of the myocardial revascularization is an option with proper indications of medium and long-term with good results. It provides the remission of the angina symptoms contributing to the increase of the expectation and improvement of the life quality. Most of patients undergoing myocardial revascularization surgery develop postoperative lung dysfunction with important reduction of the lung volumes, damages in the respiratory mechanism, decrease in the lung indulgence and increase of the respiratory work. The reduction of volumes and lung capacities can contribute to alterations in the gas exchanges, resulting in hypoxemia and decrease in the diffusion capacity. Taking this into account, the Physiotherapy has been requested more and more to perform in the pre as well as in the postoperative period of this surgery. This study aimed at updating the knowledge regarding the respiratory physiotherapy performance in the pre and postoperative period of the myocardial revascularization surgery enhancing the prevention of lung complications. The Physiotherapy uses several techniques in the preoperative period; such as: the incentive spirometry, exercises of deep breathing, cough, inspiratory muscle training, earlier ambulation and physiotherapeutic orientations. While in the postoperative period, the objective is the treatment after lung complications took place, performed by means of physiotherapeutic maneuvers and noninvasive respiratory devices, aiming at improving the respiratory mechanism, the lung reexpansion and the bronchial hygiene. Respiratory physiotherapy is an integral part in the care management of the patient with cardiopathy, either in the pre or in the postoperative period, since it contributes significantly to a better prognosis of these patients with the use of specific techniques.


Subject(s)
Humans , Lung Diseases/prevention & control , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Respiratory Therapy/adverse effects , Lung Diseases/etiology , Postoperative Care , Preoperative Care , Respiratory Therapy/methods
20.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 26(2): 222-229, abr.-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-597742

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Analisar o impacto da hemotransfusão sanguínea na incidência de desfechos clínicos no pós-operatório (PO) de cirurgias cardíacas. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectiva. Foram analisados 4.028 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM), troca valvar (TV) ou ambas, em hospital terciário universitário brasileiro, entre 1996 e 2009. Foram comparadas as complicações no PO entre os pacientes hemotransfundidos (n=916) e não-hemotransfundidos (n=3112). Foi realizada análise univariada através do teste t de Student, e análise multivariada com o uso de regressão logística Bivariada (Stepwise Forward). Foram consideradas significativas as variáveis com P<0,05. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes que receberam hemotransfusão apresentaram mais episódios infecciosos como mediastinite (4,9 por cento vs. 2,2 por cento, P<0,001), infecção respiratória (27,8 por cento vs 17,1 por cento, P<0,001), e sepse (6,2 por cento vs. 2,5 por cento, P<0,001). Ocorreram mais episódios de fibrilação atrial (FA) (27 por cento vs. 20,4 por cento, P<0,001), insuficiência renal aguda (IRA) (14,5 por cento vs. 7,3 por cento, P<0,001) e acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) (4,8 por cento vs. 2,6 por cento, P=0,001). O tempo de internação hospitalar no PO foi maior nos transfundidos (13±12,07 dias vs. 9,72±7,66 dias, P<0,001). Porém, a mortalidade não apresentou diferença entre os grupos (10,9 por cento vs. 9,1 por cento, P=0,112). A transfusão mostrou-se como fator de risco para: infecção respiratória (OR: 1,91; IC95 por cento: 1,59-2,29; P<0,001), FA (OR:1,35; IC95 por cento: 1,13-1,61; P=0,01), sepse (OR: 2,08; IC95 por cento: 1,4-3,07; P<0,001), mediastinite (OR: 2,14; IC95 por cento: 1,43-3,21; P<0,001), AVC (OR: 1,63; IC95 por cento: 1,1-2,41; P=0,014) e IRA (OR: 1,8; IC95 por cento: 1,39-2,33; P<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: A hemotransfusão está associada ao aumento do risco de eventos infecciosos, episódios de FA, IRA e AVC, bem como aumentou o tempo de permanência hospitalar, mas não a mortalidade.


OBJECTIVES: To analyze the impact of blood transfusion on the incidence of clinical outcomes postoperatively (PO) from cardiac surgery. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study. We analyzed 4028 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), valve (TV), or both, in Brazilian tertiary university hospital between 1996 and 2009. We compared the postoperative complications between patients with blood transfusion (n = 916) and non-blood transfusion (n = 3112). Univariate analysis was performed using the Student t test, and multivariate logistic regression bivariate (stepwise forward). Were considered significant variables with P <0.05. RESULTS: Patients who received blood transfusions had more infectious episodes as mediastinitis (4.9 percent vs. 2.2 percent, P <0.001), respiratory infection (27.8 percent vs 17.1 percent, P <0.001) and sepsis (6.2 percent vs. 2.5 percent, P <0.001). There were more episodes of atrial fibrillation (AF) (27 percent vs. 20.4 percent, P <0.001), acute renal failure (ARF) (14.5 percent vs 7.3 percent, P <0.001) and stroke (4.8 percent vs. 2.6 percent, P = 0.001). The length of PO hospital stay was higher in transfused (13 ± 12.07 days vs. 9.72 ± 7.66 days, P <0.001). However, mortality didn't differ between groups (10.9 percent vs. 9.1 percent, P = 0.112). The transfusion was shown to be a risk factor for: respiratory infection (OR: 1.91, 95 percent CI 1.59-2.29, P <0.001), AF (OR: 1.35, 95 percent CI 1.13-1.61, P = 0.01), sepsis (OR: 2.08, 95 percent CI 1.4-3.07, P <0.001), mediastinitis (OR: 2.14, 95 percent CI: 1.43-3.21, P <0.001), stroke (OR: 1.63, 95 percent CI 1.1-2.41, P = 0.014) and ARF (OR 1.8, 95 percent CI: 1.39-2.33, P <0.001). CONCLUSION: The blood transfusion is associated with increased risk of infectious events, episodes of AF, ARF and stroke, as well as the increased length of hospital stay but not mortality.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Blood Transfusion/adverse effects , Hospital Mortality , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Myocardial Revascularization/adverse effects , Blood Transfusion/mortality , Cohort Studies , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/mortality , Length of Stay , Myocardial Revascularization/mortality , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
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